Picture of Walls of Kotor fortress in the foreground, Bay of Kotor below (Kotor, Montenegro)

View over Bay of Kotor with walls of the fortress in the foreground

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Once the ultimate defense of the medieval town of Kotor, the fortress now is a major attraction to climb, rewarding those who reach the top with a magnificent view of the Bay of Kotor.
When you arrive in Kotor for the first time by road from the south, it is difficult to imagine that this lovely town lies on the far end of a fjord (actually, formerly a river canyon), and not a lake. The open sea is far from here, and that is what gave Kotor a special place in history: while on the sea, its location is not as easily accessible as most other coastal towns. The steep mountains rising right behind the town are a perfect foundation to build a fortress, and this is exactly what the Illyrians and later the Romans did. Venetian rule and strengthening of the fortifications could not prevent the Ottomans to capture the fortress twice in the 16th and 17th century. Several big powers have had their base here, while several earthquakes also damaged the fortifications on several occasions.
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